[19][20] As an adult, Sherman signed all his correspondence including to his wife "W. T. Following the 1866 Fetterman Massacre, in which 81 U.S. soldiers were ambushed and killed by Native American warriors, Sherman telegraphed Grant that "we must act with vindictive earnestness against the Sioux, even to their extermination, men, women and children. [204] When the city council appealed to him to rescind that order, on the grounds that it would cause great hardship to women, children, the elderly, and others who bore no responsibility for the conduct of the war,[204][205] Sherman sent a written response in which he sought to articulate his conviction that a lasting peace would be possible only if the Union were restored, and that he was therefore prepared to do all he could do to end the rebellion: You cannot qualify war in harsher terms than I will. [136][137] Sherman left forces under Maj. Gens. The site was chosen because Sherman was reported to have stood there while reviewing returning Civil War troops in May 1865. [122] However, he enjoyed Grant's confidence and friendship. [121], The Meridian campaign marked the end of Sherman's brief tenure as commander of the Army of the Tennessee. [106], The failure of the first phase of the campaign against Vicksburg led Grant to formulate an unorthodox new strategy, which called for the invading Union army to separate from its supply train and subsist by foraging. [108] The bulk of Grant's forces were now organized into three corps: the XIII Corps under McClernand, the XV Corps under Sherman, and the XVII Corps under Sherman's young protg, Maj. Gen. James B. Sherman took command of the infantrymen in the local Union garrison and successfully repelled the Confederate attack. At the insistence of Johnston, Confederate president Jefferson Davis, and Confederate Secretary of War John C. Breckinridge, Sherman conditionally agreed to generous terms that dealt with both military and political issues. Sherman appointed Brig. William was born in 1865. Sherman died of pneumonia in New York City at 1:50PM on February 14, 1891, six days after his 71st birthday. When William Tecumseh Sherman was born on 21 August 1874, in St Paul, Neosho, Kansas, United States, his father, Daniel M Sherman, was 55 and his mother, Mary Ann Post, was 24. Local Native American Lumbee guides helped Sherman's army cross the Lumber River, which was flooded by torrential rains, into North Carolina. Four or more generations of descendants of William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891) if they are properly linked: 1. [173] Sherman's views on race evolved significantly over time. His father, Charles Robert Sherman, a lawyer who was a justice on the Ohio Supreme Court,[11] died unexpectedly of typhoid fever in 1829. Sherman's initial assignments were rear-echelon commands, first of an instructional barracks near St. Louis and then in command of the District of Cairo. [21] His friends and family called him "Cump".[22]. [83] While he was at home, his wife Ellen wrote to his brother, Senator John Sherman, seeking advice and complaining of "that melancholy insanity to which your family is subject". (Microfilm Edition) University of Notre Dame Descriptive information at http://archives.nd.edu/findaids/ead/html/shr.htm William Tecumseh Sherman (1820 -1891) was one of the most prominent of the Union's Civil War generals and for many years thereafter Commanding General of the Army. [145] According to a war-time account, it was around this time that Sherman made his memorable declaration of loyalty to Grant: General Grant is a great general. Boyd later recalled witnessing that, when news of South Carolina's secession from the United States reached them at the Seminary, "Sherman burst out crying, and began, in his nervous way, pacing the floor and deprecating the step which he feared might bring destruction on the whole country. [87] Operating from Paducah, Kentucky, he provided logistical support for the operations of Grant to capture Fort Donelson in February 1862. As with all family trees on this website, the sources for each ancestor are listed on the family group pages so that you can personally judge the reliability of the information. [188][189][190] In that essay, Sherman called upon the South to "let the negro vote, and count his vote honestly", adding that "otherwise, so sure as there is a God in Heaven, you will have another war, more cruel than the last, when the torch and dagger will take the place of the muskets of well-ordered battalions". [166][167][168] Before the war, Sherman expressed some sympathy with the view of Southern whites that the black race was benefiting from slavery, although he opposed breaking up slave families and advocated that laws forbidding the education of slaves be repealed. [26], Upon graduation in 1840, Sherman entered the army as a second lieutenant in the 3rd U.S. [270] Former U.S. president and Civil War veteran Rutherford B. Hayes, who attended both ceremonies, said at the time that Sherman had been "the most interesting and original character in the world. [288] In this new discourse, Sherman's devastation of railroads and plantations mattered less than his perceived insults to southern dignity and especially to its unprotected white womanhood. On April 9, Sherman relayed to his troops the news that Lee had surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House and that the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia had ceased to exist. In 1859, he became superintendent of the Louisiana State Seminary of Learning & Military Academy (now Louisiana State University), a position from which he resigned when Louisiana seceded from the Union. The William Tecumseh Sherman Family Papers, as they were deposited in the University of Notre Dame Archives by Miss Eleanor Sherman Fitch, the granddaughter of General Sherman, prior to her death in 1959, consisted of correspondence, clippings, photographs, scrapbooks, diaries, various legal papers and documents, cancelled checks, bankbooks . The burning of Columbia has engendered controversy ever since, with some claiming the fires were a deliberate act of vengeance by the Union troops and others that the fires were accidental, caused in part by the burning bales of cotton that the retreating Confederates left behind them.[151]. His father died when he was nine years old, and Sherman was raised by Senator Thomas Ewing and eventually married into the fam [134], During September and October, Sherman and Hood played a cat-and-mouse game in northern Georgia and Alabama, as Hood threatened Sherman's communications to the north. [210] For instance, Alabama-born Major Henry Hitchcock, who served in Sherman's staff, declared that "it is a terrible thing to consume and destroy the sustenance of thousands of people," but if the scorched earth strategy served "to paralyze their husbands and fathers who are fighting it is mercy in the end". [142] Sherman then dispatched a message to Lincoln, offering him the city as a Christmas present.[143][e]. [13], Sherman's older brother Charles Taylor Sherman became a federal judge. Sherman proved instrumental to mounting the successful Union counterattack of the following day, April 7, 1862. In Louisiana, he became a close friend of professor David French Boyd, a native of Virginia and an enthusiastic secessionist. descendants of West and Central Africans enslaved in the lower Atlantic states from North Carolina to Florida. [262] However, Sherman did include the views of some others in the appendices to the new edition.[j][k]. According to British military historian Brian Holden-Reid, "if Sherman had committed tactical errors during the attack, he more than compensated for these during the subsequent retreat". As long as resistance is made[,] death must be meted out, but the moment all resistance ceases, the firing will stop and all survivors turned over to the proper Indian agent". [54][b] Later in 1858, he moved to Leavenworth, Kansas, where he worked as the office manager of the law firm established by his brothers-in-law Hugh Ewing and Thomas Ewing Jr. Sherman obtained a license to practice law, despite not having studied for the bar, but he met with little success as a lawyer. [274], Sherman wrote to his wife in 1842: "I believe in good works rather than faith. [308], Other posthumous tributes include Sherman Circle in the Petworth neighborhood of Washington, D.C.,[309] the M4 Sherman tank, which was named by the British during World War II,[310] and the "General Sherman" Giant Sequoia tree, which is the most massive documented single-trunk tree in the world. [225] Tasked with guarding a vast territory with limited forces, Sherman grew weary of the multitude of requests for military protection addressed to him. [42] Ellen Ewing Sherman was a devout Catholic, and the couple's children were reared in that faith. [140] At the end of this campaign, known as Sherman's March to the Sea, his troops took Savannah on December 21, 1864. Concerning Him (1859-1864) Made by L. Bourgeois and Affirmed to be True Copies by David F. Boyd, 30 September 1875; Copies of Letters to and by William Tecumseh Sherman; Drafts of Letters, Reports, and Speeches by William Tecumseh Sherman There, Sherman had replaced his army comrade, the co-founder Henry Smith Turner when family matters forced the latter to return to St. Louis. Contents 1 Early life 1.1 Sherman's given names 1.2 Military training and service 1.3 Marriage and business career 1.4 Military college superintendent 1.5 St. Louis interlude 2 Civil War service 2.1 First commissions and Bull Run 2.2 Kentucky and breakdown 2.3 Shiloh 2.4 Vicksburg 2.5 Chattanooga 2.6 Atlanta 2.7 March to the Sea 100% Safe Payment. [34] In June 1848, Sherman accompanied the military governor of California, Col. Richard Barnes Mason, to inspect the gold mines at Sutter's Fort. Afterwards the rank of Commander, Military Division of the Mississippi, 1864-1866; Commander, Military Division of the Missouri, 1866-1869. Background The sixth of the eleven children of Charles Robert and Mary Hoyt Sherman, upon the death of his father in 1829 he went to live with the Thomas Ewings, a prominent Ohio family. Some pro-Confederate sources have repeated a claim that Oliver Otis Howard, the commander of Sherman's 15th Corps, said in 1867 that "It is useless to deny that our troops burnt Columbia, for I saw them in the act. [161] The U.S. Secretary of War, Edwin M. Stanton, leaked Sherman's memorandum to The New York Times, intimating that Sherman might have been bribed to allow Davis to escape capture by the Union troops. [246] The Memoirs of General William T. Sherman. At Shiloh, he may have wished to avoid appearing overly alarmed in order to escape the kind of criticism he had received in Kentucky. He passed away in 1949. per familysearch.org . [164] Sherman proceeded with some of his troops to Washington, where they marched in the Grand Review of the Armies on May 24, 1865. Upon hearing that Sherman's men were advancing on corduroy roads through the Salkehatchie swamps at a rate of a dozen miles per day, Johnston "made up his mind that there had been no such army in existence since the days of Julius Caesar". [179][180] According to historian Eric Foner, "the 'Colloquy' between Sherman, Stanton, and the black leaders offered a rare lens through which the experience of slavery and the aspirations that would help to shape Reconstruction came into sharp focus."[176]. [23] Sherman roomed with and befriended another important future Civil War general for the Union, George H. Thomas. "Well, Grant, we've had the devil's own day, haven't we?" Father of Edward Sherman. [119][120] Sherman's army captured the city of Meridian on February 14 and proceeded to destroy 105 miles of railroad and 61 bridges, while burning at least 10 locomotives and 28 railcars. [229] He was successful in negotiating other treaties, such as the removal of Navajos from the Bosque Redondo to traditional lands in Western New Mexico. Sherman's success in Georgia received ample coverage in the Northern press at a time when Grant seemed to be making little progress in his fight against Confederate general Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. William Tecumseh Sherman was a Union general during the Civil War, playing a crucial role in the victory over the Confederate States and becoming one of the most famous military leaders in U.S . In May 1865, after the major Confederate armies had surrendered, Sherman wrote in a personal letter: I confess, without shame, I am sick and tired of fightingits glory is all moonshine; even success the most brilliant is over dead and mangled bodies, with the anguish and lamentations of distant families, appealing to me for sons, husbands and fathers tis only those who have never heard a shot, never heard the shriek and groans of the wounded and lacerated that cry aloud for more blood, more vengeance, more desolation. [133] According to Holden-Reid, "Sherman did more than any other man apart from the president in creating [the] climate of opinion" that afforded Lincoln a comfortable victory over McClellan at the polls. William Tecumseh Sherman: Memoirs of General W. T. Sherman . The orders provided for the settlement of 40,000 freed slaves and black refugees on land expropriated from white landowners in South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida. Sherman's younger brother John was, from his seat in the U.S. Congress, a prominent advocate against slavery. Sherman had, up to that point, achieved mixed success as a general, and controversy attached especially to his performance at Chattanooga. As the foster son of a prominent Whig politician, in Charleston the popular Lieutenant Sherman moved within the upper circles of Old South society. [268][269], Sherman's body was then transported to St. Louis, where another service was conducted at a local Catholic church on February 21, 1891. The Congressional Evolution of the United States Henry Middleton Unauthorized Site: This site and its contents are not affiliated, connected, associated with or authorized by the individual, family, friends, or trademarked entities utilizing any part or the subject's entire name. [286] At the same time, he was generally respected in the South as a military man, while his conservative politics were attractive to many white Southerners. Father James A. Ryder, president of Georgetown College, officiated at the Washington, D.C., ceremony. He served as a General in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861-65), for whi "[71] In May, however, he offered himself for service in the regular Army. He never commanded in a major Union victory and his military career had repeated ups and downs, but William Tecumseh Sherman is the second best known of Northern commanders. [294] More recently, historians such as Brian Holden-Reid have challenged such readings of Sherman's record and of his contributions to modern warfare. Sherman was one of the few Union officers to distinguish himself in the field and historian Donald L. Miller has characterized Sherman's performance at Bull Run as "exemplary". This was a new regiment yet to be raised. After the fall of Atlanta in 1864, Sherman ordered the city's immediate evacuation. Sherman's father died unexpectedly in 1829, when Sherman was nine years old, and due to the family's financial problems, he was sent to live with Lancaster . Artillery and saw action in Florida in the Second Seminole War. Grant may have had to intervene to save Sherman from dismissal for having overstepped his authority. William Tecumseh Sherman described the San Francisco banking panic in his memoirs. [103] Grant, who was on poor terms with McClernand, regarded this as a politically motivated distraction from the efforts to take Vicksburg, but Sherman had targeted Arkansas Post independently and considered the operation worthwhile. [233] Sherman's views on Indian matters were often strongly expressed. Beginning with the battle at First Bull Run, Virginia (July 1861), he led troops through Shiloh, Corinth, Vicksburg, Chattanooga, Atlanta, the March to the Sea (November & December 1864), and Columbia, South Carolina. He stood by me when I was crazy, and I stood by him when he was drunk; and now, sir, we stand by each other always. William Tecumseh Sherman was born on February 8, 1820, in Lancaster, Ohio. President Zachary Taylor, vice president Millard Fillmore and other political luminaries attended the wedding. [148][149] His army proceeded north through South Carolina against light resistance from the troops of Confederate general Johnston. You people speak so lightly of war; you don't know what you're talking about. "[94], In late April a Union force of 100,000 men under Halleck's leadership, with Grant relegated to second-in-command, began advancing slowly against Corinth. They are a peaceable people but an earnest people, and they will fight, too. [251], During the election of 1876, Southern Democrats who supported Wade Hampton for governor used mob violence to attack and intimidate African American voters in Charleston. Father and son, however, were reconciled when Thomas returned to the United States in August 1880, after having travelled to England for his religious instruction. [306], The General William Tecumseh Sherman Monument (1903) by Carl Rohl-Smith[307] stands near President's Park in Washington, D.C.[308] The bronze monument consists of an equestrian statue of Sherman and a platform with a soldier at each corner, representing the infantry, artillery, cavalry, and engineer branches of the U.S. Army. Union counterattack of the Missouri, 1866-1869, achieved mixed success as a general, and the couple 's were!, 1820, in Lancaster, Ohio However, he became a judge! [ 246 ] the Memoirs of general W. T. Sherman 136 ] [ 149 ] his friends and called! Mounting the successful Union counterattack of the Mississippi, 1864-1866 ; Commander, Military Division the!, Military Division of the Tennessee professor David French Boyd, a Native of Virginia and an enthusiastic.! 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william tecumseh sherman descendants