of the most slaves with the least amount of transcription work. enumerated in 1860 without giving their names, only their sex and age and indication of any handicaps, such as deaf or blind This organization provided employment to a number of young men in the county. In Houston, the school was located on the northwest corner of Madison St. and Starkville Rd. This ladies and gentlemen, is caressingly termed -- a tractor." Farming operations were smaller and a new system known as share-cropping came into being. However, the data should be checked for the particular surname to see the extent of the matching. Racially related terms such as African American, black, mulatto and colored are used as in States that saw more significant increases in colored population during that time, and were therefore more Slaves 100 years of age or older were supposed to be named on the 1860 slave schedule, but there were only 1,570 slaves of BABBIT & DAUBE, Aberdeen Miss., 73 slaves, page 381B, BOWEN, Keith and seven others, 75 slaves, page 343B, COOPWOOD, William C., 43 slaves, page 348B, EVANS, Joel West Point Miss., 59 slaves, page 342, KIDD, W. H. & J. K., 49 slaves, page 374B. Gas stations as such were yet to be and fuel for automobiles was bought at the local drug stores. Where did the Chickasaw County freed slaves go if they did not stay in the County? for consideration by those seeking to make connections between slaveholders and former slaves. During the War Between the States, all industry in Chickasaw Co was wiped out. corderoy roads were financed by the tolls they charged, from ten cents a head for stock to one dollar for a four to six horse or ox wagon. The old ante-bellum home was extensively renovated and added to, resulting in a fine, well equipped hospital and was open to all the doctors in the area. Patriot" and in 1854, the paper's name was changed again to " The Southern Argus" by its new owner, Jehu A. Orr. Radicals led by Secretary of War Edwin Stanton and Thaddeus Stevens gained control of the Republican party and the Rev. Houston also had several drug stores. The location of the plant was ideal to attract personnel from Okolona, Houston and other smaller communities in Chickasaw Co as well as Aberdeen, West Point and other nearby Before this time, most of the children attended private schools located in the county communities. It is possible to locate a free person on the Chickasaw Following the construction of the Mobile and Ohio Railroad through Chickasaw in 1859, the countys main sphere of commercial activity shifted from Houston to Okolona. More profound changes occurred in the county during the first twenty years of the twentieth century. 1%, about 6,000. One of the projects constructed by the young The presence of A & M College (now MS State at nearby Starkville) put scientific agricultural information within the reach of any Chickasaw Co farmer who wanted it. The Great Depression had been building since the crash of the stock market in 1929 and now deepened. The Chickasaw people, for whom the county is named, left marks on the area that endure to this day The word "Chickasaw" means "Rebellion" or "He-Who-Walks-Away" and is supposedly a derivative of the name of the Indian leader, Chicka. The war years were particularly bitter ones for the people of Chickasaw Co. Discover Calhoun County County Mississippi plantation land for sale. 1870 and 1960, the transcriber did not take into consideration any relevant changes in county boundaries. the Union forces inflicted little permanent damage. Most businessmen in Houston and Okolona signed up for the National Recovery Act agreeing to pay a minimum wage, set specific business hours, etc. This procession was led by the "bone barriers" who carried the remains of their ancestors so that they could be buried in their new homeland. Their first effort was to organize the farmers to achieve the highest possible food production. Some or part of these counties were formed from land originally a part of Chickasaw County. General Chalmers stopped Smith at the Houlka bottom north of Houston A petition was circulated in Chickasaw Co to re-establish the office of County Agent that had been abolished previously as an economic measure. Nestled in the hills of Chickasaw County, MS, these 188.65 acres located in Sections 7 and 8, T13s, R3e, offer both timber and recreational investment opportunities. Colonel Grierson and his Second Iowa Regiment camped overnight in Chickasaw Co at Dr. Benjamin Kilgore's plantation. Chickasaw County experienced considerable growth during the first few decades of the twentieth century. Lowndes and Warren Counties in Mississippi saw increases of 6,000 and 8,000, but no other Mississippi The "Houston Male Academy" was established in 1844. Houston was incorporated on May 9, 1837 and its first post office was established Dec 5, 1837 and the Postmaster Communities of the county often raised their own units, such as the Buena Vista Rifles and the Spartan Band, and these small units were assigned as needed throughout the Confederate Army to become part of larger forces such as the Army of the TN and the Army of Travel across the bottom lands of Houlka and Chuquantonchee Creeks was very difficult and sometimes impossible during the rainy season. A number of people worked at the Gulf Ordnance Plant located at Prairie in Monroe Co. They traveled north and east and after each day's journey, they would "plant" the stick in the ground by the campfire. The only actual fighting in which the Chickasaws took part during this period was against General George Rogers Clark in 1780, defeating Clark. He was seriously wounded twice, but lived through the war and returned to serve his native state in the Legislature. Rev. in Houston to select a Council of Defense to promote the war effort. The line was extended to Calhoun City and operated into the In July 1920, the new hospital was opened and located on the northeast corner of N. Jackson and Depot Streets; the site of the old Jamison home. County, Mississippi census for 1860 and not know whether that person was also listed as a slaveholder on the slave census, In 1866, the year before the great immigration from Texas, one man raised on his Washita valley farm 100,000 bushels of corn. The fire was discovered about noon, but, it could not be checked, and in a few hours this The property consists Chickasaw County was home to notable religious musicians, including shape-note singer W. A. Beasley and the Pilgrim Jubilees gospel group. "Okolona Male Academy" was founded in 1852 by William f. Tucker. By 1860 the county had changed substantially. transcription for their own purposes. Published information giving names of slaveholders and numbers of slaves held in Chickasaw County, You are the visitor to this page. The following information is based on excerpts from the "History of Chickasaw Co, Vol I" published by the Chickasaw Co Historical and Genealogical Society, Copyright 1985. In 1840 Chickasaw was home to 2,148 free whites, 1 free African American, and 806 slaves. in Chickasaw County, accounting for 3,222 slaves, or 35% of the County total. The term "County" is used to describe The first Board of Police consisted of Littlebury Gilliam, Thomas Gates, Thomas D. Wooldridge, Benjamin Bugg and Asa H. Braddock who were selected in an election held Apr 23, 1836. Owl Creek mounds to the north of Davis Lake in the Natchez Trace Game area are examples of this type of mound. They elected J. T Griffin and T. S. Evans, Whigs who had ron on the Union party ticket, as delegates to a state convention held in Jackson to "redress grievances". As late as the 1880s, blacks were serving in the state legislature; but passage of laws favoring white supremacy, along with economic pressure, eroded their participation in the electoral process. checked also. D'Artagnette and his group arrived at the proposed meeting place and decided not to wait for Bienville and his men. Mississippi; Chickasaw County; Chickasaw County Real Estate Facts. Houston : Chickasaw County : MS Sartain's Heritage Properties Located eight tenths of a mile north of Highway 8 on paved County Road 424, this 74.44 acres offers 30 acres of This expedition originated on the Atlantic coast of FL and moved across the southeastern part of what is now the United States and crossed the Tomspanbee River near present day Aberdeen. Economy was in a state of collapse; once prosperous farms and plantations lay in ruins; crops had been destroyed and most of the stock had been stolen or driven away. Meetings were held by most churches in the county and were well attended. These counties are: Pontotoc, Lee, Montgomery, Clay, Webster, and Calhoun. Homes, farms and businesses that had been destroyed or damaged had been rebuilt or renovated. Browse our gallery of the property or contact Mark Lewis, ALC at 662-418-4422. Republican Clubs which were controlled by the Freedman's Bureau and others recruited former slaves as members. Family Research Association of Mississippi, PO Box 13334, Jackson, MS 39236-3334. Whether or not the ancestor is found to have been a slaveholder, a viewing of the slave census will provide an informed % of the total number of U.S. slaveholders, or 1 out of 7,000 free persons, held 20-30% of the total number of slaves in the Palo Alto declined following the War Between the States. A constitution was eventually written and a state government was formed with blacks filling most of the offices. On June 20, 1836 the board met again at the Indian house near Old Houlka, north of present day Houston, to select a site for the county seat. (As a side note, by 1960, 100 years later, the County was Still, Houston did not have a railroad. Blacks with leadership ability were known by the inelegant term "Fluence Niggers" and used to turn out the vote for favored candidates. Although this amendment was not ratified and become law until Aug 26, 1920; one of the first instances of women voting took place in Houlka, Chickasaw Co. In 1877 a private school for girls was opened. A group of Houston civic leaders formed a corporation in 1919 to open a larger and more modern hospital. slaveholder. The primary coordinate point for Houston is located at latitude 33.8984 and longitude -88.9992 in Chickasaw County . Over 9,000 Chickasaw Co citizens, male and female, responded to this request; all being volunteers. The generations, races and Chickasaw Countians from all walks of life came together in 1976 for the nation's Bi-Centennial festivities. The plight of the newly freed blacks was more serious than that of the county's white citizens. His forces were also defeated, though they were superior in arms and numbers to the Chickasaw braves. Later the Chickasaw people returned the county's hospitality by inviting a group from Chickasaw, Pontotoc and Lee counties to participate in the Chickasaw nation's Silver Centennial and dedication of the Chickasaw Nation Memorial Gardens on the campus of Murray State College in Tishomingo, OK. A second law passed five days later named John Defacement, Richard Elliot, Thomas Ivy, Thomas Gates and Benjamin Anderson as commissioners for the purpose of organizing the county. According to local tradition, he camped near the present day ancestor not shown to hold slaves on the 1860 slave census could have held slaves on an earlier census, so those films can be communities. The county was served by several stage lines with rented hacks and carriages in the early days. In 1872 Clay and Webster Counties annexed portions of Chickasaw. The national moral decline never reached full proportion in the county, but its effects filtered into the area. During the pre-war period only about one-third of the MS population was affiliated with a church or religion. Slaves then constituted 55 percent of the population, and Chickasaw County planters and farmers pursued mixed agriculture, concentrating on corn and livestock as well as the cash crop of cotton. Denominations represented in Okolona during this period were Methodist, Baptist, Presbyterian, Episcopalian, Cumberland Presbyterian and Roman Catholic. 3,950,546 unnamed slaves, or an average of about ten slaves per holder. The British directed a Mr. Stuart, superintendent of Indian affairs south of the Ohio River, to "rally the Chickasaws and other tribes to take arms against His Majesty's The war lasted only three years, but twenty-one of Chickasaw County's men gave their lives in this conflict. In 1930 Chickasaws population of 20,835 was almost evenly divided between white and African American residents. The prayer service was held later in the day at a more convenient time. Rev. His most significant contribution as a legislator was his service on the committee responsible for the recall of the hated Reconstruction governor, Adelbert Ames. miles and a water area of 0.02 sq. As more and more white settlers arrived, the struggle These programs were designed to raise the price of cotton and other farm products by lowering the amount of production. Linking At The troops seized and burned the books on the spot. soldiers burned the depot and Rose Gate College, which was being used by the Confederate government as a military hospital. These stores sold medicines; but also carried a wide variety of alcoholic beverages. His army was defeated and D'Artagnette was burned at the stake. Coming from Tupelo under the command of Major Coon to a point south of Okolona, Martin renamed the paper "The Southern was established to aid the unemployed and indigent, regardless of race, creed or color. was Henry R. Carter. The raising of beef cattle and dairying were coming into greater importance. Community Christmas trees were sponsored in these two towns throughout the 1930s. However, the slaves from the larger plantations who had been mistreated by their often left with the Federal troops. As a whole, the plantation system in the county was gone. Only about 29 percent of farmers owned their own land. Before the war's end, almost everything was rationed -- sugar, meat, commercial canned goods, gasoline, tires, shoes, etc. The "Chickasaw Banner" a Whig paper was published by D. H. Lindsay and F. L. Denison. On a national level, Democrat candidates consistently carried the county, but it was not unusual for a popular Whig to win in a sate or local election. Nevertheless, Chickasaw Co had a number of churches. can be viewed to find out whether the ancestor was a holder of a fewer number of slaves or not a slaveholder at all. Chickasaws two county seats are Okolona and Houston, the latter named for the distinguished leader of the Texas war of independence, Gen. Sam Houston. with their full name, including surname. The average slave owner owned eight slaves; but the larger slave holders owned between thirty and one hundred slaves. Discover 595 listings of Mississippi land for sale over 20 acres. This is a list of plantations and/or plantation houses in the U.S. state of Mississippi that are National Historic Landmarks, listed on the Though the census schedules speak in terms of "slave owners", the transcriber has chosen to use the In Chickasaw Co, political parties were operating through clubs. Vestiges of the countys earliest documented culture, belonging to the Paleo-Indians known as the Hopewells, can be seen at the Bynum Mound and Village Site near Houston. When Grierson left the Kilgore plantation, he sent a detachment under the command of Colonel Hatch to destroy the railroad. force, Smith retreated toward Okolona where he made a stand. Commercial use of this information is strictly prohibited without prior permission of the owner. While only eighty-three residents of Chickasaw County were employed in industry in 1860, its manufacturing sector produced a substantial variety of commodities, including fixed agricultural implements, flour and meal, lumber, boots, carriages, furniture, and saddles and harnesses. The property consists turnpikes were built across these and other bottom lands and some corderoy roads were constructed in swampy places. They were unaccustomed to assuming responsibility for their simplest needs and was faced with the same basic problem as his former owner; a lack of life's County showed such a significant increase. sense of the extent of slavery in the ancestral County, particularly for those who have never viewed a slave census. Methodist, Baptist and Presbyterian churches were eventually built on these plots. The first contingent College". pages 385B and 388, who were shown in Division 2. Presumably some men from Chickasaw Co served in the Spanish-American War in 1896, but no casualties are listed and no records of Chickasaw County's participation are available. This was the only major highway through the county that had not been paved during the 1930s. necessities. All have played their part in the existence of Chickasaw Co. It was first known as Rose Hill, but renamed Okolona when it was discovered that there was already another town in MS known as Rose Hill and the original Rose Hill had already been granted a post office under that name. There were several partially successful attempts throughout the war to destroy the M & O Railroad in Chickasaw Co. The new town of Houston was well supplied with professional men; having thirteen doctors and twenty-three lawyers in 1860. treadmill wheels that snuggles and snorts, puffs and waggles across the fields with multiple plows taggling on afterwards. held by a total of 646 slaveholders, and those slaveholders have not been included here. 7%. It is located ten miles north of Houston and dates its history from 1836 when the Harrell brothers, William and Warren, bought a large tract of land from its Indian owner. By 1960 Chickasaw Countys population had dropped below 17,000, and almost two-thirds of residents were white. names of plantations in this County with the names of the large holders on this list should not be a difficult research task, but Freed slaves, if listed in the next census, in 1870, would have been reported Using plantation names to locate ancestors can be difficult because the name of a plantation may have been changed through the years and because the sizeable number of large farms Location within the U.S. state of Mississippi Mississippi's location within the U.S. Coordinates: 3355N 8857W / 33.92N 88.95W / 33.92; The blue star would be changed to a gold star when the husband, son, daughter or brother had made the The county's first church was a Baptist church built in 1835 in the southwestern part of the county by the 100th anniversary were immediately canceled. Using plantation names to locate ancestors If the ancestor is not on this list, the 1860 slave census microfilm On Feb 9, 1986 Chickasaw Co celebrated her 159th anniversary. Southern Mississippi Genealogical Society, 72 Boggy Hollow Rd., Under the 1831 Treaty of Pontotoc, these lands became available for purchase from the Chickasaw Tribe and were quickly incorporated into the United States. If the surname is found, they can then view the LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES, SURNAME MATCHES FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS. SOLD: 105 +/- Acres in Chickasaw County Mississippi for . Churches, civic clubs, home demonstration cubs and private citizens participated in activities to help in the war effort. FORMAT. The MS Senate passed a bill calling for a three percent sales tax and abolished ad They proposed to meet and end the Chickasaw "problem" forever. The last U.S. census slave schedules were enumerated by County in 1860 and included 393,975 named persons holding In June 1950, the United States was once again sending its young men to war. The Chickasaw Indians refused, set fire to the Spanish dwellings and attacked the soldiers as they fled the flames. Nestled in the hills of Chickasaw County, MS, these 188.65 acres located in Sections 7 and 8, T13S, R3E, offer both timber and recreational investment opportunities. The Chickasaw Indians were hospitable and the Spaniards spent the winter of 1540-51 at Chicaca. Again Smith's troops broke and the Federal troops retreated to TN. In 1850, the Okolona Female College opened its doors and continued operation through the war. One of the first roads constructed in the new county was between Houston and Hopewell; Hopewell now being an extinct town located in The first attempt in Dec 1862 was largely unopposed. The French and British also occupied Chickasaw lands during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The term "County" is This was a high standard school and combined academics with industrial training and was the alma mater of most of the black leaders of the area. dark eyes and moved with a superior and independent air. lower because some large holders held slaves in more than one County and they would have been counted as a separate Some or part of these counties were formed from land originally a In Mississippi in 1860 there were 481 farms of One was at the Augusta Council in 1763; the other at the Mobile Council in 1765 in Mobile. Though agriculture remained the countys primary subsistence activity, the demise of Chickasaws plantation economy led to the rise of small farms and sharecropping. Corporate Information | Privacy | Terms and Conditions | CCPA Notice at Collection. In 1888, the MS Normal College was established and soon became one of the leading institutions in the area. valorem taxes. Chickasaw Co citizens struggled to continue the education of their children during the war years and afterward. seats. In Okolona, Rose Gate College continued through the war years and the Male Academy conducted school until the actual fighting began in the area. Webster/Chickasaw Co line and continued north through Chickasaw Co on the Natchez Trace. Egypt was located on the Mobile and Ohio Railroad, south of Okolona, but was an important trade center in the 1850s. Be checked for the people of Chickasaw Co at Dr. Benjamin Kilgore 's plantation County the... Madison St. and Starkville Rd per holder to TN represented in Okolona during this period were,... Clay, Webster, and those slaveholders have not been paved during the effort. Refused, set fire to the Chickasaw County freed slaves go if they not! 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chickasaw county, ms plantations